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Root Canals

A root canal removes infected or dying pulp from inside a tooth, disinfects the canals, and seals them — saving a tooth that would otherwise need extraction. With modern anesthetic the procedure itself is comparable to getting a large filling, despite the reputation.

When you need one

Classic signs: lingering pain after hot or cold, spontaneous throbbing that wakes you at night, pain on biting, a darkening tooth, or a pimple-like bump on the gum. Only an exam and X-ray can confirm. General dentists perform straightforward root canals; complex or retreatment cases go to an endodontist.

After the root canal

Back teeth almost always need a crown afterward to prevent fracture — budget for both when comparing quotes. Done properly, a root-canal-treated tooth can last as long as any other.

Go to the ER instead if you have:

What it costs

Front tooth (1 canal)
$600 – $1,100
Premolar (1–2 canals)
$700 – $1,300
Molar (3–4 canals)
$850 – $2,500
Crown afterward (usually needed on back teeth)
$800 – $2,500
Retreatment of a failed root canal
runs higher — specialist territory

National self-pay ranges commonly quoted, by tooth. A common sticker-shock moment: a '$3,000 root canal' quote usually bundles the crown — ask for the itemized split. Endodontist fees run somewhat higher than general dentists for complex cases; insurance often covers 50–80% after deductible, within your annual maximum. Prices vary by market and case — always ask for a written, itemized quote. Worried about affording it? See every real way to bring the cost down.

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General dental-health information, not medical or dental advice. In an emergency, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room.